ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to develop a short version of the Metamemory in Adulthood Questionnaire (MIA) in Brazilian Portuguese. The original MIA is an instrument in english composed by 108 items, divided into seven dimensions of metamemory (Strategy, Task, Capacity, Change, Anxiety, Achievement and Locus). Despite of being widely used, the extension of the instrument makes its application impractical in many contexts, reinforcing the need for a short version. A total of 472 participants answered the original full version of the MIA. First, Item Response Theory (IRT) analyses revealed that nine items of the instrument could be excluded due to poor infit and outfit values. After exploratory factor analyses, the 99 items left were judged by five experts that chose the most appropriate items following previously established criteria (factor loading, repetitiveness, bad writing, and temporal/cultural inadequacy). A 39-items version (MIAr) was obtained, with the same factorial structure of the original MIA. The MIAr demonstrated satisfactory internal consistency indexes, as well as evidences of convergent validity and validity based on the response process. The results revealed that the MIAr achieved good psychometric properties, serving as a more parsimonious and practical option for metamemory assessment. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Metacognition , Psychometrics , Reproducibility of Results , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
ResumoCada indivíduo possui um repertório de estratégias e maneiras de lidar com o tempo, diferenciando-se na urgência com que realiza suas tarefas e na quantidade de compromissos a que se submete. Alguns instrumentos foram propostos para acessar tais diferenças individuais em relação ao tempo, destacando-se a Time Urgency and Perpetual Activation Scale (TUPA), que acessa níveis de urgência com o tempo e ativação constante. Neste trabalho são descritas a adaptação e as evidências de validade da TUPA para o contexto brasileiro, assim como a proposta de uma versão reduzida. A escala traduzida foi submetida por meio de formulários online a 395 participantes (71,4% mulheres), com idades de 17 a 64 anos (M = 25,36, DP = 8,65). Análises fatoriais exploratórias e confirmatórias apontaram uma nova estrutura bifatorial, com boas propriedades psicométricas, envolvendo um fator de urgência com o tempo e outro relacionado a ocupações, nomeada como Escala de Urgência com o Tempo e Ocupação Constante (UTOC). Conclui-se que a UTOC apresentou boas evidências de validade de construto, incluindo validade convergente com medidas robustas de ansiedade e estresse.
AbstractEach individual has a repertoire of strategies for dealing with time, differentiating themselves in terms of levels of urgency when performing tasks and the number of appointments they are committed to. A few instruments have been developed to access these individual differences concerning time, notably the Time Urgency and Perpetual Activation Scale (TUPA), which measures levels of time urgency and perceptual activation. This paper describes a translated and adapted TUPA for the Brazilian context, and proposes its short-version. The translated scale was submitted as part of an online survey to 395 participants (71.4% female), ranging in age from 17 to 64 years (M = 25.36, SD = 8.65). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses suggested a new bifactorial solution with good psychometric properties, involving a time urgency dimension and another related to occupations, named Time Urgency and Constant Ocupation Scale (UTOC). The UTOC showed good evidence of construct validity, as well as appropriate levels of convergent validity with robust measures of anxiety and stress.